OSMR β Background Information Oncostatin M (OSM) is a glycoprotein that inhibits the growth of a broad range of human tumor cell lines, but does not influence the growth of normal human fibroblasts. Expression of OSM is greatest in activated monocytic and lymphocytic cell lines and in normal adherent macrophages. Amino acid sequence analysis of OSM has revealed homology with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), all of which affect the growth and differentiation of a broad range of cell types, including those of hematopoietic origin. OSMR ∫ (oncostatin M receptor ∫), also known as OSMR, is a 979 amino acid single-pass type I membrane protein that functions as a receptor for OSM. Expressed at high levels in neural cells, as well as fibroblast and epithelial tumor lines, OSMR ∫ exists as a heterodimer that interacts with interleukins and is able to transduce OSM-induced signaling events. Defects in the gene encoding OSMR ∫ are the cause of primary cutaneous amyloidosis (PCA), an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by chronic itching of the skin.
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